人教版九年级下册Unit 7 词汇、句型精讲

词汇精讲

1. choose

choose作动词，意为“选择，挑选”，后接宾语，常用搭配如下：

choose sth. for sb. 为某人选择某物；

choose sb. to do sth. 选择某人做某事；

choose wh从句（where，what，when等引导的特殊疑问句）例如：

We has chosen a birthday present for

you. 我们已经为你选择了一个礼物。

I’d like to choose Jim to go there with me. 我选择吉姆和我一起去。

Our teacher will let us choose where we should have our picnic. 我们老师要我们选择哪儿野炊。

2. chance

（1） chance表示“机会”，是可数名词，要表示“做某事的机会”，其后可接 to do sth. 或 of doing sth.。例如：

It is a good chance to study English.

这是学习英语的好机会。

I have a chance of going to Beijing.

我有机会去北京。

（2）表示“希望”、“可能性”，可用作可数名词或不可数名词。要表示“做某事的可能性”，通常后接“of doing” 形式。例如：

He has a good chance of winning. 他很有希望获胜。

There is still chance that you will pass the exam.

你考试及格还是有希望的。

（3）用于 by chance%2c 意为“偶然地”、“无意中”。例如：

He met her by chance. 他是偶然遇到她的

3. manage

(1) 作动词，意为“管理;经营;处理”。例如：

He manages a hotel for his father.

他替他父亲经营一家旅馆。

(2) 作动词，还意为“控制;照管;驾驭”。例如：

She doesn’t know how to manage her naughty children.

她不知道怎样管好自己的顽皮孩子。

(3) 作动词，还指“设法做到”。例如：How did you manage to get their approval? 你怎么得到他们的同意的?

【拓展】辨析：manage to do 与try to do

manage to do… 则表示“设法做某事而且成功了”。

try to do… 意为“尽力做某事”，但是不一定做成。例如：

He managed to pass the examination.

= He succeeded in passing the examination.他成功地通过了考试。

He tried to get the work done with little help. 他尽量在没有什么帮助的情况下完成工作。

4. support

（1）support用作动词，意为“支撑、负担重量”。例如：Is the bridge strong enough to support heavy lorries?

这个大桥是足够结实支撑这个重的货车吗？

（2）support用作动词，意为“养(家)；维持(生活)；负担(费用)等”。例如：

It’s difficult for him to support himself on such a small salary.

对于他用这么低的薪水养家很困难。

They encouraged me%2c and they supported me with money.他们不仅鼓励我，而且与我以金钱上的支持。

（3）support用作动词，还表示“支持，赞成”。例如：

His family supported him in his decision.他的家庭支持他的决定。

（4）in support of 表示“支持，证明 (作状语)”。例如：

He spoke in support of the plan.

他发言支持这项计划。

5. enter

（1）enter作动词，意为“进入”。等同于go into%2c come into。注意enter后面不能跟into。例如：

She entered the room quietly. = She went into the room quietly.

她悄悄地进入屋中。

（2）enter还可意为“参加，加入；使参加；开始从事；登陆，将……输入”。例如：

TheUnited Statesdid not enter the war until April 19%2c 1917.

美国直到一九一七年四月十九日才参战。

They entered their child at a private school.

他们让他们的孩子在一所私立学校就读。

He showed me how to enter data into the computer.

他告诉我如何将数据输入计算机。

6. hurt

hurt为普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上、感情上的伤害。例如：

You hurt her feelings when you said she was fat.

你说她胖，伤害了她的感情了。

I hope you haven’t hurt yourself. 但愿你没有受伤。

【拓展】表示人体某部位“痛”时的几种结构：

（1）have a 身体部位名词后加-ache构成。例如：

have a headache 头痛

have a toothache 牙痛

have a stomachache胃痛

（2）have a sore 身体部位名词。例如：

have a sore throat 喉咙痛

have a sore arm 胳膊痛

（3）身体部位 hurt/ache。例如：

My eyes hurts. 我眼睛痛。

My legs ache. 我腿疼。

（4）have a pain in/ on the 身体部位。例如：

I have a pain in the arm. 我胳膊痛。

（5）There is something wrong with one’s 身体部位。例如：

There is something wrong with your eyes. 你的眼睛有毛病。

7. achieve

(1) achieve作及物动词，意为“完成%2c实现”。例如：

You will never achieve anything if you spend your time that way.

你若总是这样消磨时间%2c就永远不会有所成就。

Everybody should be given the chance to achieve their aims.

要让每个人都有机会实现自己的目标。

No one can achieve anything without effort.

谁也不可能不努力而有所作为。

(2) achieve作及物动词，意为“达到%2c赢得”。例如：

The actor achieved fame when he was only nineteen.

那位演员十九岁时就成名了。

She achieved no success. 她有没获得成功。

【拓展】achievement作名词，意为“成就%2c成绩”。例如：

The invention of the computer is a great achievement.

发明电脑是一大成就。

8.dream

dream意为“做梦”，作不及物动词，常用于短语dream of/about doing sth.意为“梦想/梦见做某事”。例如：

He often dreams at night. 他在晚上经常做梦。

She often dreams of / about her grandmother.

她经常梦到她的奶奶。

Many young people dream of/about becoming famous basketball player.

许多年轻人都梦想成为有名的篮球运动员。

【词汇精练】

I. 根据所给汉语及首字母提示补全单词。

1. Mr. Green c______ Li Lei from the four boys.

2. Do you have e______ money to buy a new house?

3. Another c_______ will come along if you miss this one.

4. Your d______ will come true if you work hard.

5. He is afraid of h_______ Bessy’s feelings.

6. He e______ politics at the age of 30.

7. Air%2c food and water are necessary to s______ life.

8. He hopes to a______ all his aims by end of the year.

II. 选择适当的词或短语，并用其正确形式填空。

twelve-year-old%2c make sure%2c pierced%2c teenagers%2c part-time jobs%2c enough

1. These _______ boys like to go out at night.

2. He _______that his mother will come to see him this afternoon.

3. Students shouldn’t get their ears _______.

4. ________should not be allowed to smoke.

5. He used to do _________ on Sundays.

6. This pair shoes is big ________ for a little boy to wear.

III. 选择恰当的介词填空。

on%2c with%2c by%2c at%2c until%2c after

1. He isn’t allowed to watch TV _____ school nights.

2. I often go to the movies ______ my friends.

3. He has finished his homework ______ 9 o’clock.

4. They should stay ______ home _______ she comes back.

5. David has to go home ______ school.

IV. 选词填空。

用agree with / agree to填空。

1.They agree _______ meet at 9 A.M tomorrow.

2.I agree _______ him.

3.His father agree ______ his teacher’s plan.

success%2c succeed%2c successful %2c successfully填空。

4. He is a _______ business man.

5. At last Mike _______ passing the exam.

6. Failure is the mother of _______.

7. You can finish this task _______ by hard working.

V. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. They talk instead of _____ (run) in the park.

2. The bell is ringing. Stop_______ (talk).

3. He thinks this is his ______( success) lifestyle.

4.The heavy rain kept us from _______(come) on time.

5. Bill is strict with himself. He never (leave) today’s work for tomorrow.

6. — your uncle (return) the video tapes to Mr. Fox?

— No. They’re still in his bedroom.

7. They never knew what (happen) to the world in a hundred years.

8. About 400 years ago%2c Galileo(伽利略) proved that the earth (go) around the sun.

【参考答案】

I. 根据所给汉语及首字母提示补全单词。

1. chose 2. enough

3.chance 4.dream

5. hurting 6. entered

7. support 8. achieve

II. 选择适当的词或短语，并用其正确形式填空。

1. twelve-year-old

2. makes sure

3. pierced

4. teenagers

5. part-time jobs

6. enough

III. 选择恰当的介词填空。

1. on 2. with

3. by 4. at; until 5. after

IV.选词填空。

1. to

2. with

3. to

4. successful

5.succeeded

6. success

7.successfully

V. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. running 2. talking

3. successful 4. coming

5. leaves 6. has%2c returned

7. would happen 8. goes

句式精讲

1. Teenagers should be allowed to …

（1）be allowed to do sth.意为“被允许做某事”，是含有情态动词的被动语态。它的结构是：情态动词＋be＋动词的过去分词。例如：

The work can be finished in two days.

这件工作可以在两天后完成。

（2）它的否定形式是在情态动词的后面加not。

Smoking can’t be allowed in the classroom.

吸烟在教室里是不被允许的。

（3）一般疑问句是把情态动词提到句子开头。

Can your work be finished today?

你的工作今天能完成吗？

（4）动词短语allow somebody to do something的意思是“允许某人做某事”。

My parents allow me to go swimming after school. 我的父母允许我放学后去游泳。

2. Anna wants to get her ears pierced.

get their ears pierced 意为“穿耳洞”。　

get / have sth. done意为“让/使（别人）做某事”。例如：

I get my car repaired. == I have my car repaired.

我让别人修好我的车。

【拓展】

（1）get后面只接宾语，意为“获到”、“得到”。例如：

We get light and heat from the sun.我们从太阳那里得到光和热。

（2）“get 宾语 宾语补语（形容词、不定式、过去分词、介词短语或副词）”，其中get作“使得、让”解。例如：

Get the tools ready.（形容词作宾语补语） 把工具准备好。

He got his clothes wet.（形容词作宾语补语） 他把衣服弄湿了。

They will get a student to bring on a topic.（不定式短语作宾语补语）

他们将让一个学生提出题目。

（3）“get 形容词”表示“变得……”。例如：

The days are getting longer and longer.白天变得越来越长了。

3. But sometimes these can get in the way of their schoolwork…

get in the way of意为“阻碍，妨碍……”。例如：

Her social life got i好技术网n the way of her studies. 她的社会生活妨碍了她的学习。

【拓展】

（1）in the way有“挡路”的意思，还有“用这种方法”的意思。例如：

Sorry%2c you are in the way. 对不起，你挡路了。

In this way，he has collected a great many stamps。

用这种方法他收集了大量的邮票。

（2）on the way 意为“在去某地的路上”。例如：

On the way to the station，I bought some chocolate。

在去车站的路上我买了些巧克力。

（3）by the way意为“顺便说一声”。例如：

By the way，have you seen Harry recently？

顺便说一句，你最近见过哈里吗？

（4）in a way意为“从某种意义上说”。例如：

In a way，it is an important book。

在某种意义上，这是一本重要的书。

4. I was safe and kept me from danger.

（1）keep用作及物动词，意为“保存；保留；保守”。例如：

Could you keep these letters for me%2c please?

你能替我保存这些信吗？

I’ll keep a seat for you.

我给你留个座位。

Can you keep a secret?

你能保守秘密吗？

（2）keep用作连系动词%2c后常接表语形容词，意为“保持处于某种状态”。例如：　　

You must look after yourself and keep healthy.你必须照顾好自己，保持身体健康。

She knew she must keep calm. 她知道她必须保持镇静。

（3）keep的常用句型：

keep doing sth. 意为“继续干某事“，表示不间断地持续干某事，后须接延续性的动词。例如：

He kept working all day%2c because he wanted to finish the work on time.

他整天都在不停地工作，因为他想准时完成工作。

keep on doing sth. 意为“持续做某事”。例如：

The pupil kept on asking me the same question. 这个学生不断地问我同一个问题。

keep…from doing sth.意为“阻止/防止……做某事”。例如：

The heavy snow kept us from going out. 大雪使我们不能出去

5. Liu Yu%2c a fifteen-year-old boy from Shandong%2c is a running star.

fifteen-year-old既可以作形容词，也可以作名词，意为“15岁的（孩子）”。

My pen pal is a sixteen -year-old boy. 我的笔友是16岁的男孩。

Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to choose their own clothes.

应该允许16岁的孩子选择自己的服装。

【拓展】

英语合成形容词主要有如下几类：

（1）数词 名词

a five-minute walk

一段步行五分钟的路程

（2）数词 名词 形容词

a six –year-old girl

一个六岁的女孩

（3）形容词 名词

a full-time school

一所全日制学校

（4）名词 现在分词/过去分词

an English-speaking country

一个说英语的国家

【句式精练】

I. 把下列句子的主动语态改为被动语态。

1.All the people laughed at him.————————————2.They make the bikes in the factory.————————————

3.We can repair this watch in two days.好技术网————————————4. They should d好技术网o it at once.————————————5. My father gave me a new book on my birthday.　————————————6.Linda’s parents make her practice the piano every Sunday.

______________________________

II. 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。

1. My parents should allow me to study with friends.（改为同义句）

I should _________ ________ to study with friends.

2. He needs to spend time with friends. （改为否定句）

He ______ _______ to spend time with friends..

3. I don’t think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive. (改为反意疑问句)

I don’t think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive%2c _______ _______.

4. Something must be done to protect the wild animals. (改为主动语态)

We _______ _______ something to protect the wild animals.

5. I disagree with you. (改为同义句）

I _______ _______ with you.

III. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。

1. 学生不应该穿耳眼。

Students shouldn’t _______ ______ _______ _______.

2. 我们应该在作业上多花点儿时间。

We should ______ more time _______ homework.

3. 我很高兴她得到这样一个好的机会。

I’m quite pleased that she has got such_______ ______ _______.

4. 他对学生非常严格。

He is very_______ _______ his students.

5. 我只想能够自己作决定。

I just want to be able to _______ _______ _______ ______.

6.他不容许情绪妨碍自己的工作。

He couldn’t allow emotions to_______ _______ ______ ______of his work.

7. 那只猫一直在追赶老鼠，想要抓住它。

The cat _______ _______ ______ the rat%2c trying to catch it.

8. 这个计划你是赞成还是反对呢？

Are you_______ or _______ the plan?

IV. 补全对话。

A: Hi%2c everybody. I’m Becky. Welcome back to “The Problem Line”. Today%2c we’re going to talk about problems with parents. Okay%2c it’s time for another call. 1

B: Hello. My name’s David.

A: Hi%2c David. Welcome to “The Problem Line”. 2

B: Well%2c I’m having problems with my mom. Every time we talk about something%2c we argue.

A: 3 It’s impolite.

B: I know. But she always arranges (安排) everything for me. I can’t even decide what to wear on weekends.

A: That’s too bad. 4

B: I tried%2c but she never listened to me. She thinks I should listen to her because I’m her child.

A: Well%2c that’s a difficult problem. 5

C: Hello%2c I’m Vera. I think David should ask his teacher for help. Perhaps his mother will listen to his teacher.

B: OK. I’ll have a try. Thank you.

A. Hi%2c where are you from? B. Hello%2c who’s calling? C. You should learn from them. D. Dear listeners%2c who can give him some advice? E. Why not have a good talk with her? F. You shouldn’t argue with your mom. G. What’s your problem?

【参考答案】

I. 把下列句子的主动语态改为被动语态。

1.He was laughed at by all people.

2.The bikes are made by them in the factory.

3. This watch can be repaired in two days.

4. It should be done at once.

5. I was given a new book on my birthday (by my father)./A new book was given to me on my birthday (by my father).

6.Linda is made to practice the piano every Sunday.

II. 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。

1. be allowed

2.doesn’t need

3.should they

4. must do

5. don’t agree

III. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。

1. get their ears pierced

2. spend%2c on