Loose pants
人们常说:“一字之差,谬之千里。” 在“lose”与“loose”两个单词中,只是少了个或多了个字母“o”,它们的意思却相差很大。
●Although it’s easy to lose what is loose, one letter makes a significant difference between the meaning of these two words. (“松的”的东西很容易“失去”,而“loose”与“lose”就因一个字母之差,意思却大不一样。)
lose【luːz】(loses,losing,lost,lost)通常用作动词,指失去或得不到某物。
loose【luːs】(looses,loosing,loosed,loosed;looser,looser)通常用作形容词,表示某物不紧或不受限制。
1. “lose”的用法
lose是一个动词。
①表示你没有赢得某件事,比赛、考试等;
②表示你没有抓住或利用某件事,比如一个机会。
③表示当你把某物放错地方而又找不到,或者丢掉、失去等,比如丢了钥匙(losing your keys)、找不到课本(losing your textbooks)、到一个新的地方没有了方向感(losing your sense of direction)等。
④表示从中解脱出来的东西。例如,许多人试图减肥(to try to lose weight )或是改掉坏习惯(to try to lose bad habits)等。
2. “loose”的用法
“loose”通常是一个形容词。
①可以表示某东西不紧或没有固定好。
②在谈论衣服时,表示宽松,比如宽松的裤子(loose pants)。
③也可表示某些无形的东西宽松、不严格等。例如:道德松懈的人不会遵守严格的道德准则(someone with loose morals would not follow a strict moral code)。
④也可以表示某事缺乏精确性,比如粗泛的近似值(a loose approximation)。
⑤表示把其东西从束缚中解脱出来,例如,松开(绳索绑缚)的动物(an animal set loose)。
“loose”也可用作名词:“someone who is on the loose”指的是“某人逍遥法外”(someone who is at large),表示他可能是逃避了警察追捕的罪犯。
“loose”还可以用作动词。表示“放松”、“释放”或“放掉”(relaxing,released,orset free)。例如某人对某人释放愤怒(someone looses his fury on someone),某人放开狗咬路人(someone looses his dog on the passers-by)。但“loose”的这些用法都是不常见的,它最常用的还是作形容词。
3. 用法实例
●The ring was too loose on her finger, and Sarah was worried it would slip off and she would lose it.
句中,“loose”表示Sarah手指上的戒指太松,所以她担心戒指会丢掉(lose)。
●After losing the game, he decided he needed to loosen up by watching TV instead of getting stressed out.
句中,“lose”表示他比赛输了,所以他决定选择看电视彻底放松(loose up)一下,而不要搞得太紧张。
●Michael decided to start running in order to lose weight, but he had a loose grasp on maintaining a routine and didn’t work out on a regular basis.
句中说,Michael想减肥(to lose weight),但他对自己作息的把持松懈(a loose grasp),所以未达目标。
●Harold was a decent writer, but many of his metaphors were loose and he would often lose his anger when criticized.
句中说,Harold虽然是个像样的作家,但他用的很多比喻都不恰当或准确(his metaphors were loose),人家批评他时,他还发怒(lose his anger)。“
4. 如何记住“lose”与“loose”的区别
“lose”和“loose”的意思差别很大,但它们的拼写很容易混淆。如何记住它们呢?
“loose”中有2个“o”,如果我失去了一个“o”,就是“lose”(失去),把“o”找回来补上,我就放松了(I'm loose.)。