refreshing 英 [rɪˈfreʃɪŋ] 美 [rɪˈfreʃɪŋ] adj. 提神的；使清爽的；使人重新振作的 v. 使清新；恢复精神（refresh的ing形式）

考点1: adj.令人心身振奋的，提神的: having a renewing effect on the state of the body or mind

■e.g. A glass of cold water is very refreshing on such a hot day. 大热天里的一杯冰水真是让人心旷神怡。It is refreshing to hear some good news about him.能听到他的好消息真是让人振奋。

■同: bracing, cordial, invigorating, rejuvenating, restorative, reviving, stimulating, stimulative, vitalizing

■反: deadening, debilitating, draining, enervating, enfeebling, exhausting, sapping, wearying 令人虚弱的

septic 英 [ˈseptɪk] 美 [ˈseptɪk] adj. 败血症的；[医] 脓毒性的；**的 n. 腐烂物

考点1: adj.**的，感染的: of, relating to, or causing putrefaction

■反: free of infection 未被感染的

supine 英 [ˈsuːpaɪn; ˈsjuːpaɪn] 美 [ˈsuːpaɪn] adj. 仰卧的；懒散的；掌心向上的；向后靠的；消极的；苟安的 adv. 仰卧地 n. （拉丁语语法的）动名词

考点1: adj.懒散的，懒得动的、倦怠的、消极的或漠不关心的: showing lethargy, passivity, or blameworthy indifference

■e.g. a supine legislature that is afraid to take action 害怕采取行动的不作为的立法机关

■同: inert，passive，dormant，torpid

■反: vi.gilant **惕的

flinch 英 [flɪntʃ] 美 [flɪntʃ] vi. 退缩；畏惧 n. 退缩；畏惧

考点1: vi.畏缩；退缩: to draw back in fear, pain, or disgust

■e.g. He met my gaze without flinching 他毫不畏缩地与我对视

■同: cringe, quail, recoil, shrink, wince

■反: face, meet 面对;confront 直面

tender 英 [ˈtendə(r)] 美 [ˈtendər] adj. 温柔的；（食物）柔软的；疼痛的；（植物）脆弱的；年轻的；棘手的；审慎的；易倾斜的 vt. 提议；使变脆弱；<古>温柔地对待 vi. 投标 n. 投标；辅助救火车；附属船；（挂在机车后的）煤水车；看管人

考点1: vt.正式提出: to offer formally

■e.g. tender a letter of resignation正式提交辞职信

■同: extend, proffer, trot out

■反: withdraw撤回

考点2: adj.考虑周到的，关心同情的: having or marked by sympathy and consideration for others

■e.g. an especially tender teacher who loves having kids with special educational needs in her class 特别无微不至的老师，爱着那些需要特别教育的孩子们

■同: beneficent, benevolent, benignant, compassionate, softhearted

■反: atrocious, barbarous, bestial, brutal, callous, cruel, fiendish, inhuman, insensate, sadistic, savage, truculent, uncompassionate, vicious尖酉麦刻薄的